The Dimension of Islamic Law on Corporate Accountability in Online Gambling Operations as a Contemporary Form of Maisir
Keywords:
Corporate Liability, Online Gambling, Islamic Law, CybercrimeAbstract
The rapid development of information technology has led to the emergence of various forms of cybercrime, one of which is online gambling that has become increasingly complex and organized. This phenomenon not only involves individuals but also corporations as key actors in its operation and management. This study aims to analyze the dimension of Islamic law concerning corporate liability in the operation of online gambling as a form of contemporary maisir, as well as to examine its relevance within the framework of positive law in Indonesia. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, supported by library research on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings reveal that online gambling substantively constitutes a form of maisir, which is strictly prohibited in Islamic law due to its elements of speculation (gharar), uncertainty, and the acquisition of profit without legitimate productive effort. From the perspective of contemporary Islamic law, corporations can be constructed as subjects of liability through the approaches of maslahah and maqashid al-shariah, despite the classical doctrine emphasizing individual criminal responsibility. The forms of corporate liability encompass moral, social, and legal dimensions, which in practice may be subject to ta’zir sanctions imposed by state authorities. Furthermore, this study finds that the integration of Islamic law and Indonesian positive law is essential to strengthen the effectiveness of combating online gambling crimes. Positive law provides a formal legal framework for enforcement, while Islamic law offers ethical and moral foundations oriented toward public welfare and the prevention of harm (dar’u al-mafasid). Thus, corporate liability in the operation of online gambling should not merely be understood as a legal obligation, but also as a moral and social responsibility in maintaining justice and social balance.
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